2. Businessmen are afraid of newspapers and TV stations. 生意人害怕报纸和电台。
be afraid of… 意思是"害怕……"。afraid是形容词，在句中只能作表语，后跟名词或动词的-ing形式（指自己不能决定而突然发生的事），与frightened的意思相同。be afraid后也可跟动词不定式表示"害怕做某事"即：be afraid to do sth.。另外，afraid后还可跟that引导的宾语从句，意思是"担心，恐怕"。例如：
（1）I am afraid of mice. 我害怕老鼠。
（2）Don't be afraid of making mistakes. 不要怕犯错误。
（3）I'm afraid to tell her the truth. 我不敢告诉她真相。
（4）I am afraid you are ill. 恐怕你是病了。
3. As soon as other people hear it, they go out with their rubbish and throw it in.
当人们一听到它，他们就出来把垃圾扔进去。
as soon as -……就……，引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作紧跟从句的动作发生。必须注意 as soon as possible（one can），它表示"尽可能快地"。
【例】
（1）He'll write to me as soon as he gets to Beijing．
他一到北京就会给我写信。
（2）You should do your work as soon as possible．
你应尽快地做事。
4. … taking care of our environment is very important. 保护好我们的环境是非常重要的。
(1) take care of保护，照顾，保管。如：
Please take good care of your books. 请保管好你们的书。
Can you take care of my baby while I'm away? 我出去时你能为我照顾我的孩子吗？
(2) "Taking care of our environment" 在这里是动名词短语作主语。也可以说： It's very important to take care of our environment.
5．It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy. 保持我们的环境干净整洁是我们的责任。
（1）it在这里是形式主语，真正的主语是"to keep our environment clean and tidy"
又如：It's a pleasant way to help keep our city clean.
（2）keen后面可跟带现在分词的复合结构。如：
He kept me waiting for a long time yesterday．他昨天让我等了很长时间。
keep后面也可跟带形容词的复合结构。如：
You should take more exercise to keep you healthy．你应该多运动来保持健康。
6．If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful. 如果每人都对保护环境做出贡献，那么世界将变得更加美丽。
make a contribution to…意思是"对……做贡献，捐赠"。to是介词后跟名词或动词的-ing形式。例如：
（l）Thomas made a great contribution to the world．托马斯·爱迪生对世界做出了很大的贡献。
（2）It is our duty to make a contribution to protecting the environment．为环境保护做贡献是我们的责任。
make是英语中非常活跃的动词之一，和不同的词搭配具有不同的含义。又如：