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牵手高考定语从句

2006年2月25日 来源:网友供稿 作者:不详 字体:[ ]


(发表《英语辅导报》高二版2004年第28期)
湖南省隆回县第一中学 罗玉南

定语从句是中学阶段英语学习的主要语法之一,也是高考题的命题热点所在。因此我们一定要重视定语从句的学习。下面通过分析历届高考题,对定语从句应注意的“热点”问题分析一下。
“热点”之一:that和which引导的定语从句
典型考题:
1.The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.(NMET’94)
A. what B. which C. that D. if
2.All ____ is needed is a supply of oil. (MET’89)
A. the thing B. that C. what D. which
3.Finally the thief handed everything ____ he had stolen to the police. (MET’87)
A. after B. what C. whatever D. that
分析:1-3 BBD ①在非限定性定语从句中只能用which不用能that。如题1。②在下列几种情况下用that不用which:1)先行词为不定代词anything, everything, all, nothing等时。如题2,题3。2) 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时。3)先行词被no, the only, very等修饰时。4)先行词既有人又有物时。
“热点”之二:“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
典型考题:
1.He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.(MET’90)
A. those B. these C. that D. which
2.In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.(MET’92)
A. that B. who C. from whomD. to whom
3.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ____ were reasonable. (上海2000)
A. which price B. the price of which
C. its price D. the price of whose
4.In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30pm, ____ many people have gone home. (上海’94)
A. whose B. that C. on which D. by which time
分析:1-4 DDBD 在“(名词、数词、代词+)介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,关系代词只能用whom(指人)和which(指物)。在这种结构中,“介词”的选择可依据下列几点:1)介词和定语从句中的谓语动词是一种习惯搭配。如题2中的“turn to sb.for help”为固定搭配。2)表示“所有关系”或整体中的一部分时常用of。如题3,此处的the price of which=whose price。3)介词与定语从句中的形容词一起构成固定搭配,如:China is a beautiful country, of which we are greatly proud. (be proud of为固定词组) 4)介词后面的关系词不能省略。5)某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的\"介词+关系词\"结构可以同关系副词when 和where,why 互换。 
This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 
=This is the house where I lived two years ago. 
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 
=Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
This is the reason why he was late for school.
=This is the reason for which he was late for school.
“热点”之三:定语从句中的“隔离”现象
典型考题:
1.The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.(NMET 2001)
A. until B. that C. where D. when
2.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____ of course, made the others unhappy. (NMET 2000)
A. who B. which C. this D. what
3.The pen I ____ I ____ is on my desk, right under my nose.(NMET’93)
A. think; lost B. thought; had lost
C. think; had lost D. thought; have lost

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