作者：周少君

－－动词被动语态


一、 动词各种时态被动语态的考查热点分析


在肯定句中，特别是在某一语境中，对各种时态的被动语态进行考查，这时应注意各种时态的被动语态的构成方式以及各种时态的用法；考查含有情态动词的被动语态，其构成方式为：\"情态动词 ＋ be ＋ 过去分词\"；在疑问句中考查各种时态的被动语态，这时应注意谓语动词与主语之间的关系。


二、 被动语态典型考例及分析


1. -Linda, you ______ on the phone.


-I am coming. Thank you. (2004威海市)


A. want B. are wanted C. have wanted D. wanted


［分析］ 选B。句意为\"有电话找你\"，而\"你\"是被\"找\"。


2. A talk on science ______ in our school next Monday. (2004陕西省)


A. will give B. will be given C. has given D. has been given


［分析］ 选B。由时间状语可知要用一般将来时，又因为talk (报告) 与动词give之间是被动关系，故选B。


3. The bookshop ______ for six years. （2004梧州市）


A. has been open B. has been opened


C. has opened D. has open


［分析］ 选A。open用作动词时是非持续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，而这里有for six years这样的时间状语，故选A。has been open中的open是形容词。


4. I\'m sorry you can\'t go in now. The room ______ yet. （2004黄冈市）


A. hasn\'t been cleaned B. hasn\'t cleaned


C. isn\'t been cleaned D. isn\'t being cleaned


［分析］选A。由句中的yet 一词可知要用现在完成时，这里room与clean之间是被动关系，故选A。


5. - Someone has stolen my handbag.


- When ______ it ______?（2004十堰市）


A. did, steal B. has , stolen C. has, been stolen D. was, stolen


［分析］ 选D。在when引导的疑问句中一般要用一般过去时或一般将来时。\"手提包\"是\"被偷\"，故选D。


6. -Don\'t litter the ground, boy. Look at the sign : \" Rubbish ______ into the dustbin.\"


-Sorry. （2004襄樊市）


A. has throw B. was throw


C. must throw D. must be thrown


［分析］ 选D。rubbish与throw之间是被动关系，而B项时态又与语境不符，故选D。


一、 形容词、副词考查热点：


形容词用来作表语、定语；副词用来作状语；形容词的比较等级：原级、比较级和最高级；形容词比较级前的修饰语。


二、 形容词、副词典型考例及分析


1. -What delicious cakes!(2004南昌市)


-They would taste ____ with butter.


A. good B. better C. bad D. worse


[分析] 选B。这是一个暗含比较级的考查。答语意为\"涂上黄油它们会更好吃\"。


2. -What do you think of the football match? (2004河南省)


-Wonderful! The Chinese football team has never played _____.


A. better B. best C. worse D. worst


[分析] 选A。这也是一个暗含比较级的考查。答语意为\"棒极了！中国足球队从来没有比这次踢得更好\"。注意：暗含比较级的考查是中考热点中的热点。又如：How beautiful she sings. I\'ve never heard a better voice. (2004无锡市)


3. -Do you enjoy travelling by plane? (2004西宁市)


-No. It\'s _____ expensive.


A. much more B. more much C. too much D. much too


[分析] 选D。much more 意为\"多得多\"，much修饰比较级more ; too much 意为\"太多\"用来修饰不可数名词；much too意为\"非常；极其\"，用来修饰形容词、副词。


4. -Who is ____ in your class? -Fred is. (2004宁德市)


A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest


[分析] 选D。当句子中有 in短语或of 短语表示比较的范围时，形容词、副词常用最高级形式。


5. China has a _____ population and long history. (2004本溪市)